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Guidelines for Animal Welfare in Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 日本語版
Considering the increase in zoo and wildlife medicine and heightened world-wide concern regarding animal welfare in recent years, we, the Japanese Association of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (hereinafter referred to as JAZWM) have drafted new guidelines for animal welfare that encompass all animals both in zoos and in the wild. The JAZWM hereby proposes codified rules to serve as guidelines in protecting the dignity and the quality of life (QOL) of animals in zoos and in the wild that are used as subjects for various studies involving zoo and wildlife medicine. The JAZWM is seeking improvement in the situation of animals used in violation of these guidelines. In awareness, in response to growing public awareness concerning animal welfare, the JAZWM will review these guidelines at specific intervals for the purpose of revising and improving them.
1. Purpose The purpose of these guidelines is to establish principles to secure the QOL of animals used in studies involving zoo and wildlife medicine (including collection, care and experiments), and to seek further conservation of the natural environment, animal welfare and the proper use of animals. 2. Obligation All members of the JAZWM have an obligation to faithfully observe and fulfill these guidelines.
3. Scope These guidelines apply to all animals in zoos and in the wild that are used in various research projects conducted in the fields, in zoological parks and at universities. 4. Research planning In planning their researches, researchers must take into consideration ways to minimize the effects on the animals and the ecosystem by seeking advice from specialists in ecology or in animals used as experiment subjects. 5. Collection The collection of animals for research purposes must comply with all of the conditions noted below. 5-1 The process of collections may not involve infringement or violation of any related rules and regulations, domestic and international, in any form. 5-2Acquisition of animals should be legal and should fully take into account the conservation of the animal species. 5-3The role of the animals should be clearly defined in the planning of the research. 5-4The condition of the animals, including the gender, ages and characteristics, should be appropriate to the purposes and requirements of the researches. 5-5Animals collected for research purposes should be transported in the optimum way to minimize the stress placed on them to the utmost limit. 6. Care In terms of the care of animals that have been collected, researchers should take into consideration the conservation of the animals and animal welfare by checking the following conditions. 6-1Full care must be given to animals used in the research to provide highest possible QOL for them. 6-2The care facilities, including equipment, and instruments, should be appropriate to habits and physiology of the particular animals involved. 6-3Any information required in order to provide optimal animal care and to conduct the research in the optimal manner should be obtained before the care of the animals is undertaken. 6-4Animal technicians should be fully trained and should have mastered the knowledge and skills required in order to treat the pertinent animal species appropriately. 6-5An appropriate environment should be provided for animal care prior to the start of experiments.
7. Experiments Effect caused by the experiment on the environment and animal population should be minimized, and researchers should observe the conditions noted below. 7-1Researchers should make every effort to avoid causing needless pain to animals. 7-2Safety should be given every consideration by researchers in the course of the experiments. 7-3When planning their projects, researchers should carefully consider how animals used in the experiment will be disposed of, including release or euthanization. 8. Euthanization Euthanization should be done based on a veterinarian’s decisions, taking into consideration the QOL and protection against infectious diseases. 9．Compliance with related laws Domestic and international laws and regulations governing animal collection, care and study should be fully understood and complied with. 10. Animal welfare committee To help achieve the objectives defined herein, the JAZWM should formulate an animal welfare committee, the details of which shall be provided separately by the JAZWM. 11. Revisions All amendments and revisions to these guidelines shall be discussed and approved by the board of directors, and are subject to approval by the membership at general meetings of the JAZWM. １２．Supplementary provision These guidelines shall take effect on June 27th , 2003.
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